Oil burner



A. L. MUREN June 13, 1939.

OIL BURNER F iled Aug. 28', 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

fi'ZJeaZ'A. #714407 ATTORNEY.

A. L. MUREN OIL BURNER June 13, 1939.

Filed Aug. 28, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

Patented June 13, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 12 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners. It is an object of the invention to provide an oil burner wherein oil and air pass into a pump by which they are mixed and from which they are discharged under pressure through a burner nozzle having an orifice provided around it through which secondary air is discharged.

Another object of the invention is to provide an oil burner unit consisting of a motor, a fan and a pump arranged in line and housed within a casing through which air passes to the fan through the motor, and from the fan through an orifice arranged around the burner nozzle.

Another object of the invention is to provide an oil burner unit wherein a pump, from which air and oil are discharged under pressure, is located some distance behind the nozzle to insure that the mixture of oil and air passes from it to the nozzle in a state of atomization, without fear of it becoming vaporized.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner wherein a mixture of oil and air is discharged from the pump under pressure, and is further atomized prior to its discharge from the nozzle to insure its ultimate delivery in the form of an excessively fine spray.

Having thus briefly stated some of the objects and advantages of the invention I will now describe it in detail with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal section of the invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the cap or nozzle, with a portion thereof broken away.

Figures 3 and 4 are sections on the lines 3-3 and d-d of Figure l, the section shown in Figure 3 being enlarged.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail, and

Figure 6 is a partial longitudinal section showing a slightly modified arrangement.

Referring now to Figures 1 to 5 of the drawings, I designates a motor having a shaft 2 connected to, and in the present instance integral with, the shaft 3 of a fan 4. The latter consists of a hub 5 having a radial plate 'I projecting therefrom on its side remote from the motor I, and a plurality of blades 6 extending laterally from the plate 1 opposite but spaced from the said hub. Connected to the fan shaft 3 and in this case integral with it is the shaft 8 of a pump 9. The latter may be of any preferred type though in this case a rotary pum is shown. Extending from the pump shaft 8 and driven thereby is a spindle I0.

Fastened upon the face of the pump 9 remote from the motor I is a housing II which extends I tures.

concentrically around the spindle I 0 and terminates at its outer extremity in an enlarged annular head II which is threaded externally at I3 from its outer extremity and back of the said threaded portion an outwardly projecting flange I4 is provided. Formed in the outer end of the bore of the housing II is a conical opening I5 of greatest diameter at its outer extremity. A cap I6, which constitutes the burner nozzle, is in threaded engagement with the external thread I 3 on the head I2 and bears against the flange I4. Il denotes a disc which rests in a circular recess I8 formed in the inner face of the cap I6; this disc is mounted for rotation with and upon the spindle I El. In the present instance a hub I 9, which is formed integral with the disc i1; is mounted upon the outer end of the spindle. Adjacent the disc I! an' annular step 20 of increased diameter is provided around the hub I9 to retain a conical rotor 2| fixed upon from the said disc. The rotor 2 I rotates freely in the conical opening I5 and has a plurality of slots 22 formed across its periphery thereby leaving a plurality of tooth-like projections between them.

Formed through the disc I! are a plurality of small openings 23 located opposite some of the rotor slots 22; these openings preferably extend through the disc paralel with the axis of the latter. Formed through the cap or nozzle I6 are the latter spaced apertures 24 which, as the disc I'I rotates, come 30 into registry with the openings 23. The apertures 24 are, in the present case, shown forwardly and outwardly inclined to the cap axis, and should exceed in number the openings 23. The openings 23 may be provided at two difierent radial distances from the disc axis to register wtih apertures 24 also located at two different radial distances from the axis of the cap or nozzle Hi. In Figure 1 this is clearly shown and it will also be noted that the outward inclination of the outer apertures 24 is less than that of the inner aper- Consequently the air and oil mixture discharged through these apertures follows substantially along the lines indicated at A and C and then meets at D.

A casing 25 surrounds the motor I, fan 4,

of which is substantially the same as that of 5" 24 The breaker or baflle plates 7 go apertures the inside diameter of the fan blades. At its front extremity the casing 25 terminates in a circular orifice 29 which projects slightly in front of the cap or nozzle I6 and is coaxial therewith.

30 and 3| denote oil and air pipes which have suitable valves at 32 and 33 respectively. These pipes 30 and 3| are both connected to an intake pipe 34 to the pump 9, and the discharge from the latter passes into the interior of the housing II as through a pipe I the latter. I also prefer to connect a pressure gauge 36 'to the discharge side of the pump 9 as by a tube 35a. 1 40' denotes a series of breaker or baffle plates 7 which may be also employed upon the spindle l0;

Each of these plates has a plurality of periphe eral slots or openings 4| formed therein which are preferably arranged in staggered relation to the' openings in the adjacent plates. These 0 plates are of course mounted upon the spindle for rotation therewith. The operation of. my oil burner is briefly as follows: The valves 32 and 33 are so set that oil and air in their desired proportions pass 5} through the intake 34 into the pump 9 wherein the oil and air are thoroughly mixed, and from which this mixture is discharged under pressure into the housing The purpose of the gauge 1 36 isto enable the operator to maintain the de-- sired pressure upon the mixture through regulation of the said valves. Atomization'of the oil is then rendered more complete, that is the particles of oil are more finely broken up by the ro- 'tor 2| as the mixture passes through the slots 22. .After leaving the latter the mixture passes "between, the rotor and the'disc ll and into the disc openings 23 i from which it escapes as the disc rotation brings the. said openings into registry with the cap apertures 24.

4|] may be employed when a very fine mixture is desired, or when .a' relatively large proportion of oil to air 'is to be used. Their function is to impede the .natural tendencyfor some of the oil to travel 5 along the .bore of the housing-ll to the rotor 2| and consequently to cause more thorough atomization of the oil prior to its arrival at the disc [1.

'Air. enters the casing 25 through the louvres 2'1 and passes through the motor I to cool it, and

' thence to the fan 4 from which itis discharged by' the blades 6 around the periphery 'of the plate 1 and through the orifice 29. Thus a secondary' air supply is furnished which is discharged around the mixture ejected from the cap or nozzle lfi. Due to the inclination of'the cap ornozzle apertures 24 the mixtureis thrown into the secondary air at some little distan'ce from the burner. Moreover when two sets of spaced at different radial distances from the nozzle axis are utilized as herein shown, due to the greater weight of the oil a higher per centage of oil is ejected through the outer set of apertures in the mixture discharged therethrough, and this mixture is again broken up by the mixture discharged through the inner set of apertures wherein the percentage of air is higher;

In the 'modific'ation shown in Figure 6 the spindle |5a is made: tubular at least intermediatel'y' of its length. This spindle is a running fit in the housing lira; for the greater portion ,of its length- Intermediately the housingiis of enlarged diameter as shown at Hb, to provide an annular chamber aroundzthe spindle ll'ra. Cona, nected to theenlargedthousing;portion..| I2) is the 35 which-terminates in 'mounted on said spindle ad] ing projecting from discharge pipe 35 from. the pump, and formed radially through the spindle |5a within the said chamber are a plurality of holes l5b. The front extremity of the spindle |5a terminates in a solid portion lie of reduced diameter to receive the hub IQ of the disc H; and formed through the front wall of the tubular portion of the spindle I50, are outlet passages |5d which open into the housing ||a immediately behind the rotor 2|. When this form of construction is employed larger particles of oil come into contact with and travel along the bore of the spindle |5a so that when they arrive at the outlet passages |5d they are in the form of a very thin film which is immediately broken up by the lighter fuel mixture passing through the said passages.

While in the foregoing the preferred embodiments of the invention have been described and shown, it is understood that the invention is susceptible to'such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim asmy invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An oil burner unit comprising a housing terminating in an apertured nozzle, a pump from which a mixture of oil and air under pressure is discharged into the housing, a rotary spindle in the housingymeans operating the pump and turning the spindle, and a disc fixed on the spindle and bearing against the inner face of the nozzle, said disc having openings, therethrough which, as the disc rotates, register intermittently with the nozzle apertures.

2. An oil burner unit comprising the combination'set forth in claim 1, wherein the number of nozzle apertures materially exceeds the number of disc apertures.

3. An oil burner unit comprising the combination set forth in claim 1, wherein the nozzle apertures are inclined forwardly and outwardly'reiative to the disc axis.

4. An oil burner unit comprising the combination set forth in claim 1 wherein the disc openings are provided at varying distances from the disc axis, with some of the nozzleapertures which are also located at varying distances from the disc axis.

each opening being adapted to register 5. An oil burner unit comprising the combina- 7 tion set forth in claim. 1, wherein both the disc openings and the nozzle apertures are provided some of the openings register with eachaperture, and wherein the nozzle apertures located nearer the said axis are forwardly and outwardly at varying distances from the disc axis whereby transverse slots formed therethrough is fixed on said spindle to further break up the mixture passing through the housing to the disc.

'7. An oil burner unit comprising the combination set forth in claim 1 wherein the outer extremity of the housing bore is forwardly and outwardly inclined, anda'conical rotor the periphery;

said inclined bore is of which rotates freely in introducing. oil and air pump, a housacentsaid disc, the

a nozzle having a plurality of apertures therethrough mounted on. the outer extremity of the housing, means for into the pump, means through which a mixture of oil and air under pressure is discharged from the pump into the housing, and a disc having openings therethrough adapted to register with the nozzle apertures fixed on the spindle, the mixture passing through the disc openings and the nozzle apertures.

9. An oil burner unit comprising a pump from which an air and oil mixture is adapted to be discharged, a housing projecting from one face thereof, a spindle extending through the housing and driven by the pump shaft, an apertured noz- Zle on the outer extremity of the housing, a disc fixed on the spindle for rotation against the inner face of the nozzle, said disc having openings therethrough adapted to register with the nozzle apertures as the spindle rotates, a rotor in said housing fixed on said spindle, and means through Which the oil and air mixture discharged from the pump is introduced into the housing.

10. In an oil burner unit comprising the combination set forth in claim 1, wherein the spindle is tubular intermediately of its length, said intermediate spindle portion rotates freely in its housing, the latter has an enlarged portion wherein an annular chamber is formed around said tubular spindle portion, the latter being apertured said apertures opening into said chamber, the oil and air mixture passing from the chamber into the spindle, other openings through the spindle ad- .iacent the disc for the passage of the mixture thereto, and the discharge from the pump passing into said chamber.

11. An oil burner unit comprising a pump from which a mixture of oil and air is discharged under pressure, a housing into which said mixture is discharged, a rotary spindle extending through the housing, means driving the pump and turning the spindle, an apertured nozzle on the housing, and a perforated element on the outer extremity of the spindle rotatable therewith adjacent the nozzle through which the air and oil mixture discharged by the pump passes to and through the nozzle apertures as the spindle turns.

12. An oil burner unit comprising a housing terminating in an apertured nozzle, a pump from which a mixture of oil and air under pressure is discharged, into the housing, a rotary spindle extending through the latter, a plurality of spaced plates having peripheral slots formed therethrough mounted on the spindle for rotation therewith within the housing adapted to break up the mixture more finely, a perforated element carried by the spindle, said perforations being adapted to register with the nozzle apertures as the spindle rotates to permit discharge of the mixture.

ALBERT L. MUREN. 

